Simulation Models Used in the
MCX
HYSSR:
PC-based Sequential Stream Flow Routing Model
- HALLO:
Hydropower Allocation Model used to model incremental changes to hydropower generation at an individual generating unit level
- PC-SAM:
Power System Evaluation model for hydropower projects in the Pacific Northwest
PROSYM:
Proprietary Hourly Power System Evaluation Model used to determine energy values for projects throughout the
Corps
DURAPLOT:
Optimization program for determining unit performance
CGAP:
Corps Generation Analysis Program developed to screen existing and proposed hydropower projects for potential generation improvements and potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions
HYSSR:
PC-based Sequential Stream Flow Routing Model used to simulate projected operations
of the river system and estimate the system-wide impacts of these operations.
Return to list of links above.
HALLO
The HALLO model determines which generating units are unavailable for
generation due to either scheduled or forced outages. Taking flow losses
into account, HALLO determines the project discharge available for power
generation, the available project head, the best gate and full gate power,
the unit efficiency, and discharge for each available unit.
HALLO simulates the generating unit loading order sequence to initially load
the units at best gate discharge for as many of the available units as is
possible and ends the loading process when all available units have been
loaded and/or the remaining project discharge is insufficient for loading the
next available unit at best gate discharge. It determines if unit operating
constraints exist that would prevent one or more initially loaded units from
generating at full gate output, even when sufficient discharge is available,
then determines for each loaded unit, the discharge corresponding to the upper
limit of operation. Any remaining project discharge is spilled. Once the
final loading discharge has been determined for each utilized generating unit,
HALLO then computes the corresponding power output and efficiency for each
unit.
Return to list of links above.
PC-SAM
The PC-SAM Model is designed to dispatch electrical generation resources of the Pacific Northwest (PNW) to serve loads of the PNW, and secondarily, the Pacific Southwest (PSW). On the basis of fifty years of hydropower system simulated generation, loads and resources data are input to the model. PC-SAM computes and summarizes the following items of information:
- Optimized thermal resource mix
- Total PNW variable thermal energy generation
- PNW variable thermal energy used in the PNW
- Average generation of each variable thermal resource
- Average plant factor for each variable thermal resource
- PNW unserved load
- PNW surplus energy exported to the PSW
- Total variable thermal capital cost
- Total variable operating cost
- Displacement value of PNW surplus energy exported to the PSW
- Net cost to the PNW hydro/thermal system
Return to list of links above.
PROSYM
PROSYM is a chronological electric power production costing simulation computer
software package. It is designed for performing planning and operational studies,
and as a result of its chronological nature, accommodates detailed hour-by-hour
investigation of the operations of electric utilities. The model is a proprietary
model that is licensed by The Henwood Energy Services, Inc. of Sacramento, California.
Because of its ability to handle detailed information in a chronological fashion,
planning studies performed with PROSYM will closely reflect actual electric utility
operations. The philosophy behind the model is as follows:
- Simulates a power system operation on a chronological hourly basis
- Simulates a year, hour-by-hour, in one week increments
- Used to define power system operating costs to meet power loads
- Costs for each plant and input into the model are fuel costs, variable
operation and maintenance costs, and startup costs.
- Meets hourly loads:
- In the most economic manner possible, given a specified set of generating
resources
- Recognizes operating constraints imposed on individual units
- Output is production costs by resource to meet weekly loads
- Output is available by regions, by plants, and by plant types
- Includes a pollution emission subroutine which estimates emissions with
each scenario
Return to list of links above.
DURAPLOT
The Duraplot program is designed to serve as a tool to assist the planner in
estimating a project's power generation potential and establishing the
optimum plant size. It provides the ability to estimate the power potential
of hydropower sites that experience widely varying hydrologic conditions,
and to model a variety of plant sizes and configurations. The program does
this as follows:
- Using project hydrologic data as input, the program produces output that
can be used to assist the planner in the process of establishing turbine-
generator unit parameters for a number of different plant sizes and
configurations. The parameters include: (a) number of units, (b) type of
units, (c) individual unit head and flow limits.
- Using these unit parameters as input, for the various plant sizes and
configurations, an estimate for installed capacity, average annual energy, and
the plant factor for peak demand months is produced. The estimates for
installed capacity and the plant factor for peak demand months are combined
to arrive at an estimate for dependable capacity.
- The estimates for average annual energy and dependable capacity can then
be used, along with the appropriate values of power, to compute the project
energy and capacity benefits for various plant sizes and configurations.
Once the corresponding project cost estimates have been determined, economic
analysis can then be used to select the optimum plant size.
Return to list of links above.
CGAP
The CGAP model is a PC-based computer model that was developed for the Corps
of Engineers to screen existing and proposed hydropower projects for potential
generation improvements and potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions
that may result from these hydropower generation improvements.
The model consists of two primary modules, one of which is used for
preliminary or qualitative screening of large numbers of projects. This first
module is known as the Matrix Model. It uses a wide range of input data on
project operating characteristics and equipment configuration to rank the
projects being evaluated based on a series of rating parameters and weighting
factors for each project. The second module is designed for a more detailed
quantitative analysis of the projects that have been screened through the
first module. It can be used to compute parameters such as:
- changes in average annual energy for various project improvements
- daily discharge changes associated with potential changes in reservoir
storage allocation or operation policies
- corresponding reductions in Greenhouse Gas Emissions associated with
these changes
- economic benefits and costs used to determine the feasibility of proposed
improvements in generation.
Return to list of links above.
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Last Updated:
29 May 2002
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